Objective:
We aim to assess the knowledge, behavioral and environmental risk factors and complications of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among non diabetics in Pakistan.
Methodology:
A cross sectional study was conducted in peripheral areas of Lahore, Pakistan during the month of January 2015. A structured questionnaire was established that targeted 350 population >18 years. The questionnaire was designed to access knowledge, associated risk factors and complications of Diabetes Mellitus.
Knowledge was assessed and risk assessment scoring was performed according to the guidelines of American Diabetic Association. Using SPSS, data was analyzed, frequencies were calculated and p-values were determined to find associations between the variables.
Results:
Out of 350 people subjected to the survey, only 130 adults(37%) had any awareness of Diabetes Mellitus. Knowledge regarding cause, signs, symptoms, risk factors and complications was found inadequate. Practices regarding diet and life style were also found unsatisfactory. Awareness of risk factors was present in 110 (31%) of targeted population. About 41% individuals were found obese and 28% were overweight and on risk assessment score 62% were found at high risk, 48% at low risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Awareness of complications was present only in 16%. Gender male, education and urban residence showed significantly better knowledge regarding diabetes but scored more on risk assessment scale due to poor dietary habits and lack of physical activity.
Conclusion:
We concluded that a significant number of people have little or no awareness of Diabetes Mellitus. A formal, structured approach should be designed to deliver the necessary educational information especially in the peripheral areas of Pakistan. The individuals found high risk and low risk needs further screening for diabetes. It should be our goal to prevent the morbidity and mortality of Diabetes Mellitus among non diabetics by raising public awareness through outreach programs and mass med